Calculating machine



Dec. 3, 1935.

INVENTOR E'm BY ATTORNEY-5 E. RACZ CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 15,1933 Dec. 3, 1935. 5 RACZ 2,022,823

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 15, 1955 4 Shets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR mes)Facz BY ATTORNEYS Dec; ii; 1935. E RA Z 2,022,823

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 15, 1933 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR ErnesfFacz BY ATTORNEYS Dec. 3, 1935. E. RACZ 2,022,823

' CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 15, 1953 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Fig. 5.

mvsmore ltmesi Pam:

ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 3, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CALCULATINGMACHINE Application July 15, 1933, Serial No. 680,559

23 Claims.

This invention relates to a. calculating machine and it is directedparticularly to a novel means for automatically controlling thefunctions of a' calculating machine.

In many lines of work, such as in recording collections from telephonepay stations and in making tax records and other similar records, it isdesirable to have a series of entries listed one below the other in avertical column, which entries sometimes should be spaced differentdistances from one another and some of which involve differentcalculating operations than the others. It is desirable, in order topromote speed and accuracy, to have the position, nature of theseentries and calculating operation controlled automatically, and thepresent invention is directed to a machine for accomplishing thesedesired ends. I

The broad object of the invention is to provide an improved calculatingmachine.

A more particular object is to provide an im proved automatic controlfor the function of a calculating machine.

A still more particular object is to provide an automatic control forthe functions of a machine which control is governed by the line spaceposition of a work sheet in the machine.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear from thefollowing specification and drawings:

Figure 1 is a right side elevation of a calculating machine embodyingthe controls of this invention and illustrating the machine at theinitial position for performing a series or cycle of operations and withthe right side frame broken away.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the paper carriage and associatedmechanisms.

Fig. 3 is a partial right side elevation of the paper carriage inposition for totaling operation and with the machine at the end of theforward stroke.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged end view illustrating the control cams andassociated levers.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the right end of the platen shaft'andassociated cams showing the normalizing elements.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional side elevation on the llnel-S of Fig.5 looking in the direction of the arrow. 2;- a

Fig. 7 is a. view similar to Fig. 6 with the detents holding thecontrolling cams in add condition;

This invention is shown as being applied to a Burroughs" type portablecalculating machine as shownin the Horton Patent No. 1,853,050Qto whichreference is made for details of construction of the calculatingmachine.

Calculating machine generally The machine in general is controlled froma keyboard having depressible keys l0 which control the longitudinalposition of sliding bars (not shown) which in tum differentiallyposition racks H which cooperate with one or more registers l2 toaccumulate the entries and position the 10 printing mechanism. Theprinting mechanism includes type hammers I4 and type bars l3, whichprint upon a sheet of paper IS on a platen l1, and associatedmechanisms. The paper is supplied from the usual roll, the paper and theplaten being supported by a carriage IS.

The machine is operated by either a motor or hand crank, as shown in theHorton Patent 1,853,050, attached to a main 'drive shaft 2| through adisconnectible connection (not shown) illustrated in the Horton patent.The drive shaft 2| carries a. drive plate 22 to which is attached tworoller studs 23 and 24 positioned to move a pitman 25 which in turnactuates the cam 21 for controlling the engagement and disengage- 25ment of registers l2. Driving plate 22 also rotates the platen step bystep for line spacing through linkage 28 to 34, inclusive, whichterminates in a crank (Figs. 3 and 4) having a forked connection to astud 36 carried by an 30 arm 31 pivoted at 38 to the carriage. Arm 31carries a pawl 39 which engages ratchet 4| carried by the platen shaft42, the pawl being urged into engagement withthe ratchet by spring 43.The throw of pawl 39 or the degree of rotation 5 of the platen shaft byit is controlled by means to be later described. The foregoing mechanismfor line spacing the platen is the usual construction found in machinesof this type and is therefore not described in greater detail.

Stud 24 of the drive plate also engages a slide 46 urged rearwardly andupwardly by a. spring I! which slide controls a. number of functions ofthe machine such as positioning the cipher stops, which, as described inthe Horton patent, if prevented from moving, will prevent operation ofthe machine through the disconnectible driving connection.

Automatic control of calculating machine functions In the embodiment ofthe invention illustrated one of the machine functions that isautomatically controlled is the placing of the machine in add or non-addcondition. Other functions are u v of levers? is connected to one end oia lever i pivoted at E8 to the frame of the machine, the

other end of which has a forked connection with a pin Elli on the rearend of a lever til pivoted at its forward-end at 62 to the ire of thernachine and urged counterclockwise by spring Lever ti has a dependingca adapted to engage a pin Sscarried by the tall or a dog '56 pivoted topitman 28 and movable into position to be engaged. by pin 23 forconditioning the machine for addition when the roller n2 is on the lowpart oi the cam 58 and movalole out of position for non-add condition bycam t3 when the roller 52 is on the high part of earn. it. Dog to is ofthe usual type employed in machines of this character and its action istherefore not described in more detail. it follows from the foregoingthat when roller 52 rides upon the high point or corn 5i, lever 53 isrocked clockwise thereby rotating lever 51 counterclockwise anddepressing lever 88 which in turn rotates dog clockwise to ove it out ofengaging position with pin 23 thereby conditioning the machine for anon-acid operatic -While, in the preiered embodiment, the cam 5!! islocated on the platen shaft it is to he understood that the invention isnot ted to this exact location.

Automatic controlof Zine spacing Another control that is provided is theauto i matic control or the number of spaces that the gamer or sheet ismoved during any given opera- For this purpose a cam ii is rigidlysecured to the huh Ell of cam 58 and therefore rotates with the platenshaft. Cam ll engages a roller it carried by onearm it of a hell crankit pivoted to the carriage at it, the other arm ll of which carries afinger it! which is engaged by a pawl til and controls the nicer ofteeth, i. e, line spaces enacted, engaged by pawl so as it moves forwardto space the platen. it follows, therefore, that as the cam ll rotates,it will, due to its varying heights, vary the position of finger I8, andvary the number of teeth exposed to the pawl 39 to change the linespacing when the pawl 39 moves toward. While the drawings here shownprovide for double and triple spacing, provision can he made forexposing only one ratchet tooth M so that the platen will be advancedonly one step at each operation of the machine.

With respectto the control oi line spacing it is also to he understoodthat, while, in the pre fer-red embodiment, the cam ii is on the platenshaft, it is not intended that the invention shall be limited to thislocation.

Enforced totaling Another function of the machine that is controlledautomatically is the taking of a total. In

the embodiment shown, the total taking means is not conditionedautomatically but certain parts are set so that the machine cannot beoper- In other words, the taking For this purpose cam Si is providedwith a laterally projecting pin 8! in position to engage 5 the upper endof a cam lever 82 pivoted at 54 to the frame of the machine and urgedcounterclockwise hy scoring 84. -,Lever 82 has alower arm. to carrying alaterallyprojectine pin 8! which engages a lever 88 pivoted at 89 to the10 frame of the machine and urged counterclocirwise by a spring 96. Theforward end oi. this latter lever engages a tongue 94! struck outwardiyfrom the outer member of a. two piece slide @2 for controlling thetotaling operation is (see Patent 1,853,050). The lower end of slide 92is yieldingly connected to a pivoted dog 93 for rocking the squared endof said dog into position to he engaged by roller stud M on drivingplate 22 to cause a totaling operation to take place ln 20 the usualmanner. The upper end of slide ll? is slidahiyconnectecl to a pivotedlever 9d, the for ward end of which has a flat upper edge iltdisposed inthe path of the totaling hey T where by depression 05: key '1' willlower slide ill and 25 rock dog @3 in position to he engaged by a rollerstud 26.

The lower-end of the inner member of the slide 92 is also provided withan oi'fset'tongu 9i projecting into a slot at in a pivoted arm t9, theforward end will of which is movable into position to engage the pin weprojecting laterally from slide til to prevent the letter from movingrearwardly. Engagement of pin 85 with cam lever 82 at the totaloperation of the series or cycle of oper ations moves lever e2clockwise, thus retracting pin ill from lever 68 and permitting thelatter to" be rocked counterclockwise by the spring till to lower slide532 to position the forward-end are it of arm $39 in the path of cm Billwhich, as has been previously explained, will prevent the opcr ation ofthe machine unless the total heyis'tle pressed to rotate arin' so stillfurther to lower its forward end below pin till. This makes it:necessary, therefore, to depress the total-key in order to take thefinal and total operation or the 1 machine; in other. words, a totalingoperation is enforced.

Gootrol of sequence of operations. The illustrated application of thisinvention'is so designed, and the cams are so shaped andthe totalizingenforcing pin El so placed as to provide for a series of nine machineoperations to one complete rotation of the platen. As illustrated in thefollowing typical form of record sheet, the first three machineoperations 'are made with the machine in non-addccndition and witl'platen spacing arranged for doublespace; the fourth operation is aspacing one in. add condition and taking three line spaces. The fifth,sixth and seventh operations are taken in add condition to add theamounts of-the difierent species on. currency, and with douhiefifitwenty-one line spaces and that the top of every sheet will have theclear sign thereon.

After the ninth machine operation the paper will have been sospaced thatwhen it is torn off on the tear-off blade, the clear sign, representedby an asterisk" will be hidden behind the tear-off blade so that it willappear at the top of the incoming sheet and indicate that the machinewas clear when the series of operations was started.

It will be apparent that the cams may be varled as to the number of lowand high points to cause add or non-add operations to take place at adesired operation in the sequence of operations and to provide for thedesired platen spacing at each of the various operations in the sequenceor cycle of operations. It will also be apparent that the number ofpins, such as pin 8|, may be varied to cause or enforce a totalingoperation to be taken after any desired number of items have beenentered into the machine.

I05 on the platen shaft 42.

It will be understood that while the present or illustrated machine islimited to a sequence of nine operations to one revolution of theplaten, the number of operations relatively to one revolution of theplaten may be varied by suitable cams and arrangements thereof. Forsimplicity in design and operation, however, it is preferred that thenumber of operations be completed, that is, the number of operations ina single cycle be equivalent to one revolution of the platen. Of course,the platen and record form must be started at a predetermined startingpoint.

Normalizing I In order to convert the machine into a normal listingmachine, for example, when it is desirable to add and print, or only toprint a list of amounts, or numbers, as on the standard machine of thistype, means are provided for disabling the automatic controls asfollows:

The add and non-add controlling c'am 5| and the line space controllingcam II are both fastened to the same hub 50 rotatably mounted on theplaten shaft 42. The cam 5I has a pair of lugs I03 (Figs. 5, 6 and '7)projecting from diametrically opposite sides thereof and so .positionedas to engage correspondingly diametrically opposite slots I04 on one endof a sliding sleeve I05 non-rotatably secured to the platen shaft 42 bya pin I06 extending through the platen shaft and into diametricallyopposite slots I'I in the other end of sleeves I05. Slots I01 are ofsuch a length that they will be engaged by pin I in either one of twopositions of sleeve Sleeve I05 is retained in either of two axialpositions by a ball detent I00 urged against the platen shaft 42 by -aspring I09. The platen shaft 42 is provided.

5 'with two'annular grooves H0 and III to assist the ball detent I08 inretaining the slide in either of its two positions. When the sleeve I05is moved to the left on the platen shaft 42, slots I04 will engage thelugs I03 and couple the cams 5| and II to the platen shaft 42,consequently, when platen shaft 42 is rotated by the line spacing pawl39 of Fig. 4, line spacing of the platen will be effected according tothe position of the cam II, and the machine will be in add or non-addcondition according to the position of the cam 5|.

To look the cam unit 5I--l| in a set position and against rotation whenthe sleeve I05 is disengaged from lugs I03, a detent I2I mounted on astud |I2 projecting from the carriage side frame I9 is provided with aslotted forward end I22, which, when the sleeve I05 engages the lugs I03rides on the periphery of the sleeve I05 when the platen shaft 42rotates under conditions other than normal. The slotted end I22 of thedetent l2| is caused to engage over one of the lugs I03,according towhether it is desired to operate the machine in add or non+addcondition.

It will be evident from Fig. 6 that when the detent I2| engages one ofthe lugs I03, as here shown, the machine will be operated in non-addcondition because the stud 52 will be on the high part of the cam 5| andthe line spacing will be triple spacing regulated by the shelf 18. Ifthe detent I2| is engaged with the opposite lug I03, the roller stud 52will engage the low or add part of the cam 5| and the listing will be inadd condition and the platen will be spaced two line spaces during everyoperation'of the machine.

It will be seen from the foregoing that when sleeve I05 is moved to theleft and ball I08 engages groove ||0, cams 5| and II will be connectedto the platen shaft and will function, whereas when sleeve I05 is movedto the right and ball I00 engages groove III, sleeve I05 will bedisengaged from cams 5| and II and the machine will be normalized, i.e., not automatically controlled to perform a predetermined series ofoperations with particular line spacing.

From the foregoing description it will be clear that there has beenprovided a machine which is automatically controlled. as to function andline spacing in accordance with the latter and which is fully automaticto enter a sequence of operations upon a record sheet, adding thoseitems desired and non-adding those which are not to be added, and inwhich an enforced total must be taken at some one point in the series ofoperations.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes maybe made in the details of construction and many variations may be madein the sequence of operations without departing from the spirit andscope of this invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a calculating machine adapted to be con ditioned to performdifferent calculating functions, a printing mechanism operable to printthe result of calculating operations along a printing line, paperholding means for supporting a work sheet in printing position relativeto said printing mechanism, means operable to line space said sheetrelative to said printing line, and means operating automatically tocondition said machine to perform different predetermined functions inaccordance with the different line space positions of said paper holdingmeans.

2. In a calculating machine adapted to be condltioned to performdifferent calculating functions, a printing mechanism operable to printthe result of calculating operations along a printing line, paperholding means for supporting a work sheet in printing position relativeto said printing mechanism, means operable to line space said sheetrelative to said printing line, and means operating automatically tocondition said machine to perform a non-add entry in accordance with thedifierent line space position of said paper holding means.

3. In a calculating machine adapted to be con ditioned to performdifferent calculating tunetions, a printing mechanism operable to printthe result of calculating operations along a printing line, paperholding means for supporting a work sheet in printing position relativeto said printing mechanism, means operable to line space said sheetrelative to said printing line, and means operating automatically tocondition said machine to enforce a totaling calculation in accordancewith the different line space positions or said paper holding means.

i. In a calculating machine adapted to be conditioned to performdifferent calculating functions, a printing mechanism adapted to printthe results of said calculations along a printing line, paper holdingmeans for supporting a work sheet in printing position relative to saidprinting mechanism, means for line spacing said work sheet, and meanscontrolled automatically by said paper holding means in accordance withits line space position for conditioning said calculating machine toperform different functions.

5. In a calculating machine adapted to be comditioned to performdifferent calculating func tions, a printing mechanism operable to printthe results of calculations along a printing line, a rotatable platenfor holding a work sheet rela tive to said printing mechanism, means forline spacing said platen, and'means controlled by said platen inaccordance with its line space positions for conditioning said machineto perform difierent functions.

6. In a calculating machine adapted to be conditioned to performdifierent calculating functions, a printing mechanism operable to printthe results of calculations along a printing line, a rtatable platen forholding a work sheet relative to said printing mechanism, means for linespacing said platen, and means controlled by said platen in acordancewith its line space positions for enforcing a totaling operation.

7. In a calculating machine adapted to be conditioned to performdifferent calculating functions, a printing mechanism operable to printthe results of calculations along a printing line, a rotatable platenfor holding a worksheet relative to said printing mechanism, means forline spacing said platen, and means controlled by said platen inaccordance with its line space positions for conditioning said machineto perform a non-add listing operation.

8. In. a calculating machine adapted to be conditioned to performdifferent calculating func= tions, a printing mechanism operable toprint the results of calculations along a printing line, a rotatableplaten for holding a work sheet relative to said printing mechanism,means for line spacing said platen, and means controlled by said platenfor determining line spacing of said work sheet.

9. In a calculating machine adapted to be conditioned to performdifferent calculating functions, a printing mechanism operable to printthe results of calculations along a printing line,

aoeaeas paper holding means for supporting a work sheet in printingposition relative to said printing mechanism, means for line spacing thework sheet relative to said printing line, and means actingautomatically to condition said machine 5 to perform. difierentfunctions in a predetermined sequence in accordance with the line spaceposition of said paper holding means.

10. In a calculating machine adapted to be given cycles of operation and.to be conditioned to perform different calculating functions, aprinting mechanism operable to print the results of calculations along aprinting'line, means for supporting a work sheet in printing positionrelative to said printing mechanism, means operating automatically toline space said work sheet during cycles of operation of said machine,and means operating automatically to condition said machine to performdifferent functions in a predetermined sequence in accordance with theline space positions of said work sheet supporting means as it is linespaced during a series of cycles of operation of said machine.

ii. In a calculating machine adapted to be given cycles of operation andto be conditioned to perform diiferent calculating functions, a platen,a printing mechanism operable to print results of, calculations along aprinting line on said platen, means automatically line spacing saidplaten during cycles of operation of said machine, and means controlledby said platen in accordance with the line space positions of saidplaten, acting to automatically condition said machine to performdifferent functions in a predetermined sequence during a series ofcycles of operation of said machine.

121 In a calculating machine having a printing mechanism operable toprint the results of calculations along a printing line, paper holdingmeans for supporting a work sheet in printing position relative to saidprinting mechanism, means for line spacing said work sheet relative tosaid printing line, said line space means being operable to line spacesaid sheet one or more line spaces for each operation of said line spacemeans, and means automatically controlling the number of line spacessaid work sheet is moved during any one operation of said line spacemeans in accordance with the line space position of said paper holdingmeans at the time said operation takes place.

13. In a. calculating machine adapted to-be given cycles of operation, aprinting mechanism operable to print results of calculation along aprinting line, paper holding means for supporting a work sheet inprinting position relative; to said printing mechanism, line spacingmeans operable during each cycle of operation of said machine toautomatically line space said holding means, said line spacing meansbeing operable to line space said holding means different distancesduring difierent operations of said line spacing means, and meanscontrolled by said paper holding means acting automatically to vary thenumber of spaces said holding means is moved during predeterminedoperations of the machine.

14. In a calculating machine adapted to be given cycles of operation, arotatable platen, a printing mechanism operable to print the results ofcalculations along a printing line on said platen, means for linespacing said platen automatically during cycles of operation of saidmachine, said line spacing means being operable to line space saidplaten different distances, and

means controlled by said platen in accordance with its line spaceposition automatically con trolling the number of spaces said platenwill be moved during a given cycle or operation of said machine.

15. In a calculating machine adapted to be given cycles of operation, aprinting mechanism operable to print the results of calculations along aprinting line, paper holding means for support ing a work sheet inprinting position relative to said printing mechanism, meansautomatically line spacing said paper holding means during orcles ofoperation of said machine, said line spac ing means being operabletoline space said paper holding means different distances, and meansoperating automatically to vary in a predeter mined sequence the numberof spaces paper holding means is moved during a given series of cyclesor" operation of said machine.

16. In a calculating machine adapted to be given cycles of operation, arotatable platen, a printing mechanism operable to print the results ofcalculations along a printing line on said platen, means for linespacing said platen during each cycle of operation of said machine, saidline spacing means being operable to line space said platen differentdistances and means controlled by said platen for causing the num ber ofspaces said platen is moved to vary automatically in a predeterminedsequence during a given series of cycles of operations of said machine.

17. In a calculating machine provided with means for giving it a cycleof operation, a printing mechanism, conditioning means for conditiom'ngthe machine to perform predetermined functions, paper holding means forsupporting a Work sheet in printing position relative to said printingmechanism, means operable to line space said sheet relative to saidprinting mechanism, and means governed in accordance with the line spaceposition of said paper holding means and by said conditioning means forpreventing said operating means from operating saidmachine except whensaid platen and conditioning means are in predetermined positions.

18. In a calculating machine provided with means for giving it a cycleof operation, a platen,

a printing mechanism, conditioning means for conditioning said machineto perform predetermined functions, means operable to line space saidplaten relative to said printing mechanism, and means controlled by saidplaten in accordance with its line space position and by saidconditioning means for preventing said operating means fromoperating-"said machine unless said platen and conditioning means are inpredetermined positions.

19. In a calculating machine provided with .means for giving it a cycleof operation, a printing mechanism, paper holding means for supporting awork sheet in printing position relatlvely to said printing mechanism,conditioning means for conditioning the machine to perform predeterminedfunctions, and means controlled by said paper holding means inaccordance with its line space position and said conditio as means forpreventing said operating means more operating said machine unless saidpaper holdlug means and said conditioning means are in predeterminedpos" ion.

20. In a calcula machine provided with disconnectihle means ioi givingit a cycle of operatlon, a printing ianisin, paper holding means forsupporting rlr sheet in printing position relatively to said p 1gmechanism, conditionmeans for 0011C. aching the machine to pen formpredetermined functions, and. means controlled by paper holding means inaccordance with its line space position and said condition ing means fordisconnecting said disconnectible operating means from said machineunless said paper holding means and said conditioning means are inpredeterrnined positions.

21. In a calculating machine adapted to be conditioned to performdifferent calculating iunctions, a printing mechanism operable to printthe result of calculating operations along a printing line, paperholding means for supporting a work. sheet in printing position relativeto said printing mechanism, means operable to line space said sheetrelative to said printing line, means operating automatically tocondition said machine to perform difl erent predetermined functions inaccordance with the different line space positions of said paperholdingmean d means for disabling said conditioning meai o render themachine normal in operation.

22. In a calculating machine adapted to be conditioned to performdifferent calculating functions, a printing mechanism operable to printthe results of calculations along a printing line, a

' rotatable platen forholding a 'worl: sheet rela tive to said printingmechanism, means for line spacing said platen, a pair of cams on theplaten shaft, means controlled by one of said cams for conditioning saidmachine to perform predeter mined functions, and means controlled by theother of said cams for determining the line spam ing for each machineoperation.

23. In a calculating machine adapted to be condltioned to performdiiierent calculating functions, a printing mechanism operable to printthe results of calculations along a. printing line, a rotatable platenfor holding a work sheet relative to said printing mechanism, means forline spacing said platen, a pair of cams on the platen shaft, meanscontrolled by one of said cams for conditioning said machine to performpredeterminedfunctions, means controlled by the other 1

